Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a ubiquitously expressed and evolutionarily conserved serine threonine protein kinase. GSK-3 Kinase in addition to its regulation of glycogen metabolism, plays important role in a various cellular reaction. These include cell growth and differentiation, apoptosis, embryonic development, insulin response and in neurological response as in Alzheimer disease and protein synthesis. Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) consists of highly homologous α- and β-isoforms, phosphorylates and thereby inactivates glycogen synthase (GS), resulting in reduced glycogenesis. GSK-3 may represent an important therapeutic target for insulin resistance. GSK-3b that plays a critical role CNS function via the proteins tau and b-catenin and in cancer via angiogenesis, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Inhibitors of GSK-3 are being proposed as potential therapies for disorders such as bipolar mood disorders (lithium and valproic acid are GSK-3 inhibitors), Alzheimer’s disease (in which GSK-3 is believed to play a key role in formation of the neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques) and stroke. A few GSK-3b inhibitors have been now advanced to Phases I and II of clinical trials. GSK-3 Kinase gave the impression of being prominent target for various disease and can be utilized to develop novel drug therapy.
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